Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles. These nerve cells are called motor neurons, and they are responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the muscles, allowing for movements such as walking, talking, and breathing.

In ALS, the motor neurons gradually degenerate and die, leading to a progressive loss of muscle control and function. As the disease progresses, individuals with ALS may experience muscle weakness, twitching (fasciculations), stiffness, and eventually, paralysis. This can lead to difficulties with speaking, swallowing, breathing, and performing daily activities.

The exact cause of ALS is not fully understood, but a combination of genetic and environmental factors is believed to play a role in its development. The majority of ALS cases are sporadic, meaning they occur without a clear family history. However, some cases are inherited, with specific genetic mutations being associated with the disease.

Currently, there is no cure for ALS, but various treatments and therapies are available to help manage its symptoms and improve the quality of life for individuals with the disease. These treatments may include medications to manage symptoms like muscle cramps and excessive saliva production, physical and occupational therapy to maintain mobility and independence, and assistive devices to aid in communication and daily activities. Additionally, research into the underlying mechanisms of ALS is ongoing, with the hope of discovering new therapies and insights into the disease.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALS

https://lesturnerals.org/als-activities-of-daily-living-guide/

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